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Where in the World? Europe
Corboba, Spain
The olive tree, derived from the domestication of wild olive, is the main oleaginous crop of the Mediterranean Basin. Spain is the world leading country for olive production, with more than 2.4 million ha, of which 63% are located in Andalusia (southern Spain). Olive cropping systems include agroforestry stands (in marginal soils and hills), traditional groves and new intensive orchards. READ MORE
Svalbard, Arctic archipelago
In Ph. D. student Andy Canion's own words: "Greetings from the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard! The lab of Dr. Joel Kostka, at Florida State University, recently participated in an international research expedition to study the microbes that live in the marine muds at the bottom of Arctic fjords. The expedition was organized by... READ MORE
Trentino, Italy
Nestled below the dramatic Dolomites, an expanse of vineyards cloaks the Trentino region of northern Italy. Nestled below these vineyards, lies an even more complex expanse of microbes. Claudia Longa, PhD at the IASMA Research and Innovation Center, Edmund Mach Foundation, along with colleagues of the plant-environment interaction program, has the most romantically-set research backdrop we have seen our kits experience. She and her team are... READ MORE
Linnanmaa, Finland
Working with samples from rare and endangered bird species such as White-tailed Sea Eagles, Golden Eagles and Temminck’s stints, Dr. Laura Kvist and her colleagues at the University of Oulu, Linnanmaa consider each collected sample to be precious and switched to MO BIO products after experiencing PCR amplification problems. “The success in amplifying our samples increased significantly after ... READ MORE
The olive tree, derived from the domestication of wild olive, is the main oleaginous crop of the Mediterranean Basin. Spain is the world leading country for olive production, with more than 2.4 million ha, of which 63% are located in Andalusia (southern Spain). Olive cropping systems include agroforestry stands (in marginal soils and hills), traditional groves and new intensive orchards.
During the last two decades several major technological changes have occurred in olive production in Spain to increase and maintain stable yields. Furthermore, new soil management systems aimed to minimize soil erosion, and new environmental-friendly practices such as organic and integrated crop production are being adopted (Fig. 2). At the same time, olive production is being threatened by diseases caused by soilborne pathogens (Fig. 3). Thus, increasing prevalence, incidence and severity of those diseases are occurring associated with the establishment of new plantations, irrigation, or use of infected plant material. All those changes that are taken place nowadays will undoubtedly have a strong influence on physicochemical and biological soil properties that define Soil Quality (SQ) of olive orchards.
Within this complex scenario the goal of our Research Project is to assess the current soil biological fertility and phytosanitary status of soils in olive orchards in Andalusia and to determine the impacts that the different cropping systems and management strategies practiced may have on those soil properties. This study will focus mainly on assessing the biological and functional aspects of SQ using several indicators: soil microbial biomass and numbers, soil microbial activity and diversity (archaea, bacteria, fungi and mycorrhiza), and plant-soil-organism interactions. Also, the level of soil supressiveness (SS) to plant pathogens and of soil receptivity (SR) to introduction of biocontrol agents will be studied.
For these purposes, a collection of 90 olive orchards soils under different management systems and six soils from wild olive havens in Andalucía will be used (Fig. 1). DNA from soil samples collected in the proximity of olive roots (rhizospheric soil) (Figs. 4,5,6) will be extracted by using the PowerSoil™ DNA Isolation Kit from MoBio Laboratories (Carlsbad, CA, USA) that allow to process samples of up to 10 g of soil facilitating the recovery of a representative sample of total soil DNA including low copy DNAs.
DNA soil samples will be characterized using a bar-coded pyrosequencing technique to study archaeal, bacterial, fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) communities from those soils. Multivariate analysis including canonical and association rules will be conducted to identify which biotic factors may be the best indicator of the different olive management systems and which specific microbial groups, if any, can be correlated with the level of suppressiveness to Verticillium wilt, the most important disease of this crop, of those soils.
All information provided by the biological and functional indicators will be integrated in a holistic approach with that provided by physicochemical indicators to establish a Soil Quality Index (SQI) that can be of use to evaluate the effect of changes in management strategies on SQ or to develop or choose the most sustainable olive production systems that maintain or enhance SQ (Fig. 1b). Finally, a metagenomic library will be generated from soils showing good SQI, and especially highest values in the indicators of SS to plant pathogens and SR to beneficial microorganisms that can be of great value in future research.
Svalbard, Arctic archipelago
In Ph. D. student Andy Canion's own words: "Greetings from the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard! The lab of Dr. Joel Kostka, at Florida State University, recently participated in an international research expedition to study the microbes that live in the marine muds at the bottom of Arctic fjords. The expedition was organized by the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen, Germany, and took place in the Svalbard archipelago (79°N), north of Norway. Svalbard is a majestic place, with striking mountains, glaciers calving right into the water, and no shortage of polar bears. There is also no shortage of researchers in the town of Ny-Ålesund, which has been converted from a coal-mining town to a year-round research station (the northernmost permanent residence in the world!).
On our expedition, we sampled six fjords within Svalbard, aboard the research vessel named “Farm”. The members of our group all study how microbes mediate biogeochemical processes at the permanently cold (around 0°C) temperatures found in Arctic waters and sediments. More specifically, we wanted to investigate the role of nitrate reduction and sulfate reduction in the anaerobic degradation of organic matter. We worked day and night (the sun was up 24 hours a day!) to collect samples for process rate measurements and microbial community diversity. Sampling involved lowering a coring device to the bottom and pulling up mud, which as you can imagine, was quite messy. We also worked with water samples, which can be challenging on a small vessel with mud flying everywhere. Thankfully, the pre-sterilized, self-contained MO BIO water filters allowed us to easily collect uncontaminated water samples for DNA extraction. For sediment samples, we wanted to preserve some samples for RNA extraction, but were limited in our freezing capabilities. In this case, we were able to use the MO BIO Lifeguard™ Soil Preservation Solution to preserve RNA samples for later extraction. Now we are back in Florida and are processing our samples. We have found the MO BIO PowerSoil® DNA Isolation Kit and PowerWater® DNA Isolation Kit quite suitable for our DNA extractions and cleanup.
The Arctic is a region that is sensitive to global climate change, and it is important that we understand how microbially-mediated biogeochemical cycles will respond to this change. We are targeting microbes involved in the cycling of nitrogen and hope to gain new insights into the diversity of these organisms and the nitrogen cycle. To that end, we need the tools to properly collect and efficiently analyze samples. That is where MO BIO has been of great value to us. We will be returning to Svalbard next year with MO BIO products in hand. We hope to continue to make discoveries and to have, as Captain Stig would say, “some excitement in life!' "
Trentino, Italy
Nestled below the dramatic Dolomites, an expanse of vineyards cloaks the Trentino region of northern Italy. Nestled below these vineyards, lies an even more complex expanse of microbes. Claudia Longa, PhD at the IASMA Research and Innovation Center, Edmund Mach Foundation, along with colleagues of the plant-environment interaction program, has the most romantically-set research backdrop we have seen our kits experience. She and her team are studying the molecular profiling of microbial communities in soil and in the rhizosphere of vineyards from Trentino, northern Italy, with special focus on antagonists toward plant pathogens. In the last years, they evaluated the survival and environmental fate of an introduced biocontrol agent (Trichoderma atroviride SC1) and its impacts on soil microbial communities in some vineyards.
Claudia states, "In our studies, total DNA from soil samples was always extracted using the PowerSoil® DNA Isolation Kit that presents good repeatability, precision and sensitivity."
Linnanmaa, Finland
Working with samples from rare and endangered bird species such as White-tailed Sea Eagles, Golden Eagles and Temminck’s stints, Dr. Laura Kvist and her colleagues at the University of Oulu, Linnanmaa consider each collected sample to be precious and switched to MO BIO products after experiencing PCR amplification problems.
“The success in amplifying our samples increased significantly after we converted to the UltraClean® BloodSpin™ DNA Isolation Kit for extracting DNA from blood samples. We also used the PowerClean® DNA Clean-Up Kit to improve the quality of previous feather DNA extractions which contained PCR inhibitors”.
